Encyclopedia of new religious movements edited by Peter B. Clarke provides a truly engaging and authentic view of the emerging religious movements on a background of the universe. This encyclopedia, containing 428 articles from leading academics, studies the remarkable examples of religious movements emerging in each continent. Clarke as an editor has written a higher income as "New Religions as a global phenomenon", a "Resource guide of NRM" and a useful article entitled "Typology of new religions" in this encyclopedia. This encyclopedia is a leading, research, updating, important, and valuable reference for academic libraries. However, the encyclopedia suffers from some disadvantages, among which we can refer to apparent contradictions in Index, the incidence of historical errors, print, etc., in its context and putting NRM identified with the Cults, sects, and counter-culture groups

One of the major challenges facing the government is to respond to changing demands and expectations of citizens who earn their legitimacy. In order to respond to this need that the government should seek new ways to continuous innovation in providing public services for citizens. The use of information and communication technology to provide public services to the community, which is referred to as e-government, a new initiative that aims to citizen access to public services provided through electronic media and the government and citizens to establish the new species. E-government initiated a new phase of life, the relationship between the state and citizens who have their place as well as the reform of public sector management and reform of administrative system. What this article aims to explain some aspects of E-governance as a concept, typology, for the formation of goals and requirements, advantages and applications and reasons for interest in the use of E- government.

Ever changing needs of society to which the health sector has to respond, makes the health sector reform inevitable for any country worldwide. Increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of health services, equity, sustainable financing and management improvement are the main objectives of health sector reform. Healthcare reform was set high on the new administration’s agenda with the start of the transition. In the United States after coming on the new government, reforms in the health system were considered largely in the government work programs. The main focus of these reforms is on the use of new information technologies in health information management. This government has described improved health information as a key to expanding healthcare coverage while improving quality and controlling costs. Therefore government was set health information pyramid on seven issues that by implementation of these will be able to achieve the meaningful healthcare reform.

The second period of the Abbasid caliphs (232-322 AH) with the emergence of several factors, some of which were rooted in the policies of the rulers of the first Abbasid period, the prestige and concentration along with the authority of the caliphate institution faced a serious and deteriorating challenge. The caliphate system was a toy in the hands of the power-seekers who had seized the sovereign affairs. A few of the caliphs of the period started and pursued reformist efforts in various elements in order to restore the former status of the mentioned institution and, according to their belief, by identifying structural damages, gaining the satisfaction of the people and the properties of the society, and restoring the basic position of the caliphate. In the present research, it is tried to analyze the set of actions of reformer caliphs based on library studies and descriptive-analytical method. The findings of research mean that reform efforts in political, economic, military, social and scientific-educational dimensions have been more or less visible; But the achievements have not left a significant impact on the reform of the structure and its continuity.

Purpose: The future of the construction industry is increasingly influenced by new technologies. In order to adopt appropriate strategies in facing new technologies, it is necessary to know the possible futures of the construction industry. This research was done with the aim of explaining the technological uncertainties and compiling the future scenarios of the construction industry.  Method: The research method is applied and was carried out with a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. First, the library study was used to determine the technological drivers, then the Structural Analysis was used to explain the technological uncertainties, and finally, the Schwartz method was used to compile the scenarios. The statistical population is experts of construction industry. Findings: Nine technological uncertainties affecting the future of the construction industry have been identified and for each of them, three states of decline, stagnation and progress have been considered. Data analysis by Scenario Wizard shows eight probable scenarios. The portfolio of scenarios including four groups of progress scenarios, towards progress, towards stagnation, and towards wane has been compiled. Conclusion: In the progress scenario, the 89% of uncertainties have developed. In  towards progress, 56% of the factors are in the development status, which indicates the development of the technological factor application. In the stagnation scenario, no progress has been made in the application of uncertainties and they are in a static state. In towards wane, uncertainties have been placed in a situation of reduced use.